Nationality of Western Sahara: all obtaining pathways
Western Sahara remains a non-self-governing territory pending decolonization; in practice, most of the territory is governed by Moroccan law—five years for naturalization. Sahrawi identity is transmitted by descent among the indigenous communities.
1Nationality by birth in the territory
Nationality by birth in the territory
Requirements
- Non-autonomous territory in dispute between Morocco and the Polisario Front (SADR)
- Sahrawi under Moroccan administration follow Moroccan nationality legislation
- Sahrawi in the Tindouf refugee camps follow SADR legislation
- No internationally recognized independent nationality framework exists
Documentation
- Birth certificate (depending on the competent authority)
- Moroccan or SADR identity documents as applicable
We could not verify the official portal
The official portal was not reachable during our latest review. The information was cross-checked against the sources listed below. Please confirm the requirements on the official portal before starting your application.
2Citizenship by descent
Citizenship by descent
Requirements
- Descendants of Sahrawi may acquire Moroccan nationality if they are under Moroccan administration
- The SADR recognizes Sahrawi nationality by descent from Sahrawi parents
- Legal status unresolved at the international level
Documentation
- Sahrawi parent's birth certificate
- Proof of filiation
- Documents according to the competent authority
We could not verify the official portal
The official portal was not reachable during our latest review. The information was cross-checked against the sources listed below. Please confirm the requirements on the official portal before starting your application.
3Naturalization under Moroccan administration
Naturalization under Moroccan administration
Requirements
- In the zone under Moroccan administration, Moroccan nationality laws apply
- 5 years of legal residence under Moroccan legislation
- Requirements of Moroccan naturalization: good conduct, knowledge of Arabic, means of subsistence
Documentation
- Valid passport or identity document
- Certificate of residence
- Criminal record certificate
- Certificate of proficiency in Arabic
Frequently asked questions about the nationality of Western Sahara
How many years of residence does Western Sahara require to naturalize?
According to the main pathway of Western Sahara (Naturalization under Moroccan administration), the term is 5 years (under Moroccan law). The complete details of requirements and exceptions appear in the fact sheet.
What documentation does naturalization in Western Sahara require?
The Naturalization under Moroccan administration pathway requires: Valid passport or identity document; Certificate of residence; Criminal record certificate; Certificate of proficiency in Arabic.
What pathways exist to obtain the nationality of Western Sahara?
Western Sahara provides 3 pathways: Nationality by birth in the territory, Citizenship by descent, Naturalization under Moroccan administration.
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